Exam question 2 · Rockets, satellites and astronauts

Identify the principal reason for which a rocket carries its own oxygen.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, rocket · What happens: identify, carry · To what, where: principal reason, own oxygen

This is exam question 2 of lesson 71 «Rockets, satellites and astronauts» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 carries	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 rocket	det
8	rocket	rocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carries	nsubj
9	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 oxygen	nmod:poss
11	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 oxygen	amod
12	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carries	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	carry	present	a rocket	rocket's own oxygen				for the principal reason	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

There is no air in space

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 air	det
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 space	case
6	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	no air			space; there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in space=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Oxygen is required for the astronauts' food alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	8 food	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 astronauts	det
6	astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 food	nmod:poss
7	'	's	PART	_	6 astronauts	case
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	obl
9	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 required	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		Oxygen				for the astronauts's food; alone property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition

Option 3

Oxygen protects the rocket from heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protects	nsubj
2	protects	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rocket	det
4	rocket	rocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protects	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 heat	case
6	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protects	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present	Oxygen	the rocket				from heat	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent rocket=Beneficiary from heat=Theme

Option 4

Oxygen renders the rocket lighter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 renders	nsubj
2	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rocket	det
4	rocket	rocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 renders	obj
5	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 renders	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present	Oxygen	the rocket				light property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rocket=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/71-rockets-satellites-astronauts/e2/