Test 1 · Insects and spiders
A child finds an empty, insect-shaped skin on a tree trunk. What most likely happened?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: child · What happens: find, shape, happen · To what, where: empty shaped skin, tree trunk
This is test 1 of lesson 72 «Insects and spiders» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A child finds an empty, insect-shaped skin on a tree trunk.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 child | det |
| 2 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 finds | nsubj |
| 3 | finds | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 skin | det |
| 5 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 skin | amod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 empty | punct |
| 7 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shaped | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 insect | punct |
| 9 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 skin | amod |
| 10 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 finds | obj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 trunk | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 trunk | det |
| 13 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 trunk | compound |
| 14 | trunk | trunk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 skin | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 finds | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | present | a child | a empty shaped skin | a tree trunk | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Topic | |||
| 2 | shape | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What most likely happened?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 3 likely | advmod |
| 3 | likely | likely | ADV | _ | 4 happened | advmod |
| 4 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 happened | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | participle | likely property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
An insect moulted and crawled out to grow
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 insect | det |
| 2 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | moulted | moult | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 insect | acl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 crawled | cc |
| 5 | crawled | crawl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 moulted | conj |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 crawled | compound:prt |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 grow | mark |
| 8 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 crawled | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | moult | participle | a insect not said here | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | crawl out | participle | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | grow | to-infinitive | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
Rain washed the insect right out of its skin
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 washed | nsubj |
| 2 | washed | wash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 insect | det |
| 4 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 washed | obj |
| 5 | right | right | ADV | _ | 2 washed | advmod |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 skin | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 skin | case |
| 8 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 skin | nmod:poss |
| 9 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 washed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wash | past | Rain | the insect | Rain's skin | right property | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent insect=Theme out skin=Source |
Option 3
An insect died and its soft body melted away
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 insect | det |
| 2 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 died | nsubj |
| 3 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 died | cc |
| 5 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 body | nmod:poss |
| 6 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 body | amod |
| 7 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 died | obl |
| 8 | melted | melt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 died | advcl |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 8 melted | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | die | past | a insect | insect's soft body | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | melt away | participle | a insect not said here | away property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
Option 4
A bird ate the insect that was hiding inside
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 bird | det |
| 2 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ate | nsubj |
| 3 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 insect | det |
| 5 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ate | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 hiding | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hiding | aux |
| 8 | hiding | hide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 insect | acl:relcl |
| 9 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 8 hiding | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | past | a bird | the insect | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient | ||||
| 2 | hide | past · progressive | the insect | inside property | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/72-insects-and-spiders/t1/