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Test 3 · ★ · Birds: feathers, nests and flight

A coat filled with feathers is very warm. Which feathers are used and why?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: coat · What happens: fill, be, use · To what, where: coat, feathers

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A coat filled with feathers is very warm.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 coat	det
2	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 warm	nsubj
3	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 coat	acl
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 feathers	case
5	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 filled	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 warm	cop
7	very	very	ADV	_	8 warm	advmod
8	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 warm	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	participle		a coat not said here				with feathers	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with feather=Instrument
2	is	present	a coat					warm property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which feathers are used and why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 feathers	det
2	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 used	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 used	aux:pass
4	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 why	cc
6	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 used	conj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · passive		which feathers					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

The options

Option 1

Tail feathers, because they are long

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feathers	compound
2	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 long	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 long	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 long	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 long	cop
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 feathers	amod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	feathers = feather					long property	tree rules

Option 2

Any feathers, because all feathers are hot

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	2 feathers	det
2	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hot	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 feathers	punct
4	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	6 feathers	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 feathers	det
6	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 feathers	conj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hot	cop
8	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	any feathers and all feathers					hot property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Down, because it traps a lot of air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Down	down	ADV	_	5 traps	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Down	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	5 traps	mark
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 traps	nsubj
5	traps	trap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lot	det
7	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 traps	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 air	case
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lot	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trap	present	it	a lot of air				down property	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient

Option 4

Flight feathers, because they are stiff

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feathers	compound
2	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 stiff	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 stiff	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 stiff	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 stiff	cop
7	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 feathers	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	feathers = feather	Flight feathers not said here				stiff property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/t3/