Test 9 · ★ · Birds: feathers, nests and flight

Which is true about birds and dinosaurs?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: be

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	5 birds	case
5	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 true	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 dinosaurs	cc
7	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 birds	conj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						about birds and dinosaurs; true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Dinosaurs came from birds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 birds	case
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Dinosaurs					from birds	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from bird=Initial_Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Birds are living descendants of dinosaurs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 descendants	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 descendants	cop
3	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 descendants	amod
4	descendants	descendant	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 dinosaurs	case
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 descendants	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Birds	living descendants				of dinosaurs	tree rules

Option 3

Birds and dinosaurs were never related

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 related	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 dinosaurs	cc
3	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Birds	conj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 related	cop
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 related	advmod
6	related	related	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	past	Birds and dinosaurs					related property	tree rules

Option 4

All dinosaurs could fly, just like the birds today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 dinosaurs	det
2	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fly	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	aux
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 birds	punct
6	just	just	ADV	_	9 birds	advmod
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 birds	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 birds	det
9	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fly	conj
10	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	could	all dinosaurs				today		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/t9/