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Test 3 · ★ · Fish, frogs and reptiles

Scientists find fewer frogs in a pond each year. What might this warn them about?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Scientists, this · What happens: find, warn · To what, where: fewer frogs, pond, frogs

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 74 «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Scientists find fewer frogs in a pond each year.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 find	nsubj
2	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 frogs	amod
4	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 find	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 pond	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 pond	det
7	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 find	obl
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 year	det
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 find	obl:unmarked
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present	Scientists	fewer frogs		a pond	year		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frog=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What might this warn them about?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 warn	obj
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 warn	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 warn	nsubj
4	warn	warn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 warn	obj
6	about	about	ADP	_	4 warn	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 warn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warn speech: warn	might	this		frogs = frog				tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

There are too many insects

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 are	expl
2	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 many	advmod
4	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 insects	amod
5	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 are	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	does	present	many insects			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The frogs have moved into the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 frogs	det
2	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 moved	nsubj
3	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 moved	aux
4	moved	move	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 sea	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sea	det
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 moved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present · perfect	the frogs			the sea			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into sea=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The water may be polluted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 polluted	nsubj:pass
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 polluted	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 polluted	aux:pass
5	polluted	pollute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pollute	may · passive		the water					tree rules

Option 4

The pond is getting too clean

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pond	det
2	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 getting	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 getting	aux
4	getting	get	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 clean	advmod
6	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 getting	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present · progressive	the pond					clean property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/74-fish-frogs-reptiles/t3/