Test 4 · ★ · Fish, frogs and reptiles

Why could a frog live in a desert much less easily than a lizard?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: frog · What happens: live · To what, where: desert

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 74 «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 frog	advmod
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 frog	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 frog	det
4	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 live	nsubj
5	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 desert	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 desert	det
8	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 live	obl
9	much	much	ADV	_	10 less	advmod
10	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 easily	advmod
11	easily	easily	ADV	_	5 live	advmod
12	than	than	ADP	_	14 lizard	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 lizard	det
14	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 easily	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 live	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	a frog			a desert		easily property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in desert=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Its eggs need hot sand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 eggs	nmod:poss
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 need	nsubj
3	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sand	amod
5	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 need	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Its eggs	hot sand					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sand=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It cannot eat insects in a desert

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 eat	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 eat	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 eat	advmod
4	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 desert	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 desert	det
8	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not eat	can	It	insects		a desert			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Its thin, moist skin would dry out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 skin	nmod:poss
2	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 skin	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 thin	punct
4	moist	moist	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 skin	amod
5	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dry	nsubj
6	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 dry	aux
7	dry	dry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	out	out	ADP	_	7 dry	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dry out	would	Its thin moist skin						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It needs more sunshine than a lizard

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 needs	nsubj
2	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 sunshine	amod
4	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 needs	obj
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 lizard	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lizard	det
7	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sunshine	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	It	more sunshine				than a lizard	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sunshine=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/74-fish-frogs-reptiles/t4/