Test 12 · Mammals and how they care for their young

Mia says all mammals have live babies. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Mia, mammals · What happens: say, have · To what, where: live babies · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 of lesson 75 «Mammals and how they care for their young» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 mammals	det
4	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
6	live	live	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 babies	amod
7	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 true	punct
9	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 says	parataxis
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mia						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have	present	all mammals	live babies					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, the platypus and echidnas are mammals that lay eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 platypus	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 platypus	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 platypus	det
4	platypus	platypus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 mammals	nsubj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 echidnas	cc
6	echidnas	echidna	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 platypus	conj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 mammals	cop
8	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 lay	nsubj
10	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 mammals	acl:relcl
11	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lay	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the platypus and echidnas	mammals					tree rules
2	lay	present	mammals	eggs					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result

Option 2

Yes, but some of them carry eggs in a pouch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 carry	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 carry	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 carry	cc
4	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	7 carry	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 them	case
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 some	nmod
7	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 carry	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 pouch	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 pouch	det
11	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	some	eggs		a pouch			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Value in pouch=Location

Option 3

No, most mammals lay eggs in nests

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 lay	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 lay	punct
3	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 mammals	amod
4	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lay	nsubj
5	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lay	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 nests	case
8	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	most mammals	eggs		nests			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Destination

Option 4

Yes, no mammal ever lays an egg

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 lays	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 lays	punct
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 mammal	det
4	mammal	mammal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lays	nsubj
5	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 lays	advmod
6	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 egg	det
8	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lays	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	no mammal	a egg			ever		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/75-mammals-and-their-young/t12/