Test 13 · Mammals and how they care for their young

my mate reckons a kangaroo baby is born big and jumps into the pouch. right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate · What happens: reckon, bear, jump · To what, where: kangaroo baby, pouch

This is test 13 of lesson 75 «Mammals and how they care for their young» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reckons	nsubj
3	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 baby	det
5	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 baby	compound
6	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 born	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 born	aux:pass
8	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 reckons	ccomp
9	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 born	xcomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 jumps	cc
11	jumps	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 born	conj
12	into	into	ADP	_	14 pouch	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 pouch	det
14	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 jumps	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct
16	right	right	INTJ	_	3 reckons	discourse
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	my mate			vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	bear	present · passive		a kangaroo baby	big property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	jump	present			into the pouch result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into pouch=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, it is born tiny and grows in its mother's pouch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 born	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 born	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 born	aux:pass
5	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 born	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 grows	cc
8	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 born	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	13 pouch	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 mother	nmod:poss
11	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 pouch	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 mother	case
13	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		it				tiny property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	grow	present				its mother's pouch			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location

Option 2

Yes, and then it leaves the pouch the same day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 leaves	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 leaves	punct
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 leaves	cc
4	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 leaves	advmod
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 leaves	nsubj
6	leaves	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pouch	det
8	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leaves	obj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 day	det
10	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 day	amod
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leaves	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	present	it	the pouch			then; day		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pouch=Theme

Option 3

Yes, it is born nearly fully grown

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 born	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 born	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 born	aux:pass
5	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	7 fully	advmod
7	fully	fully	ADV	_	8 grown	advmod
8	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 born	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		it					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	grow	participle						fully property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

No, kangaroos lay eggs inside the pouch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 lay	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 lay	punct
3	kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lay	nsubj
4	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lay	obj
6	inside	inside	ADP	_	8 pouch	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pouch	det
8	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	kangaroos	eggs		the pouch			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme inside pouch=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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