Test 13 · Mammals and how they care for their young
my mate reckons a kangaroo baby is born big and jumps into the pouch. right?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate · What happens: reckon, bear, jump · To what, where: kangaroo baby, pouch
This is test 13 of lesson 75 «Mammals and how they care for their young» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 mate | nmod:poss |
| 2 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 reckons | nsubj |
| 3 | reckons | reckon | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 baby | det |
| 5 | kangaroo | kangaroo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 baby | compound |
| 6 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 born | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 born | aux:pass |
| 8 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 reckons | ccomp |
| 9 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 born | xcomp |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 jumps | cc |
| 11 | jumps | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 born | conj |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 14 pouch | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 pouch | det |
| 14 | pouch | pouch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 jumps | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 reckons | punct |
| 16 | right | right | INTJ | _ | 3 reckons | discourse |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 reckons | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reckon | present | my mate | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | bear | present · passive | a kangaroo baby | big property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | jump | present | into the pouch result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into pouch=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No, it is born tiny and grows in its mother's pouch
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 5 born | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 born | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 born | aux:pass |
| 5 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 born | xcomp |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 grows | cc |
| 8 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 born | conj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 pouch | case |
| 10 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 mother | nmod:poss |
| 11 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 pouch | nmod:poss |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 mother | case |
| 13 | pouch | pouch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 grows | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bear | present · passive | it | tiny property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | grow | present | its mother's pouch | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location |
Option 2
Yes, and then it leaves the pouch the same day
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 leaves | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 leaves | punct |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 leaves | cc |
| 4 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 leaves | advmod |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 leaves | nsubj |
| 6 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 pouch | det |
| 8 | pouch | pouch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 leaves | obj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 day | det |
| 10 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 day | amod |
| 11 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 leaves | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | present | it | the pouch | then; day | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pouch=Theme |
Option 3
Yes, it is born nearly fully grown
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 born | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 born | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 born | aux:pass |
| 5 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 7 fully | advmod |
| 7 | fully | fully | ADV | _ | 8 grown | advmod |
| 8 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 born | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bear | present · passive | it | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | grow | participle | fully property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
No, kangaroos lay eggs inside the pouch
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 lay | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 lay | punct |
| 3 | kangaroos | kangaroo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 lay | nsubj |
| 4 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 lay | obj |
| 6 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 8 pouch | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 pouch | det |
| 8 | pouch | pouch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lay | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | present | kangaroos | eggs | the pouch | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme inside pouch=Destination |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/75-mammals-and-their-young/t13/