Test 11 · ★ · Floating and sinking: the push of water

why does the boat sit lower when u load it up

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boat, u · What happens: sit, load up · To what, where: boat

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 83 «Floating and sinking: the push of water» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 sit	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sit	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 boat	det
4	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sit	nsubj
5	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 load	advcl
6	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 sit	xcomp
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 load	advmod
8	u	you	PRON	Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 load	nsubj
9	load	load	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 load	obj
11	up	up	ADP	_	9 load	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	present · do-support	the boat					low property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	load up	present	u	boat					vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The cargo pulls the water down with it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cargo	det
2	cargo	cargo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pulls	nsubj
3	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 water	det
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pulls	obj
6	down	down	ADP	_	3 pulls	compound:prt
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 it	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pulls	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull down	present	the cargo	the water				with water	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme

Option 2

The water gets thinner under heavy boats, so they sink lower

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gets	nsubj
3	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	thinner	thin	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 gets	xcomp
5	under	under	ADP	_	7 boats	case
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 boats	amod
7	boats	boat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gets	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 sink	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 sink	advmod
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sink	nsubj
11	sink	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gets	parataxis
12	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	11 sink	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	the water			heavy boats		thin property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	sink	present	boats = boat					low property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Heavy boats leak and fill with water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 boats	amod
2	boats	boat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 leak	nsubj
3	leak	leak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 fill	cc
5	fill	fill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 leak	conj
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fill	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leak	present	Heavy boats						vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
2	fill	present	Heavy boats not said here					with water	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with water=Instrument

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

More weight means it must push aside more water to float

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	More	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 weight	amod
2	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 push	nsubj
5	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 push	aux
6	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 means	ccomp
7	aside	aside	ADV	_	9 water	advmod
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 water	amod
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 push	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 float	mark
11	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 push	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	mean	present	More weight		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	push	must	weight	more water	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
3	float	to-infinitive	weight not said here		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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