Test 5 · Mirrors, shadows and colours

Why are mirrors that bulge outwards used on cars?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mirrors · What happens: be, bulge, use · To what, where: mirrors, cars

This is test 5 of lesson 84 «Mirrors, shadows and colours» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 mirrors	advmod
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mirrors	cop
3	mirrors	mirror	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 bulge	nsubj
5	bulge	bulge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mirrors	acl:relcl
6	outwards	outwards	ADV	_	5 bulge	advmod
7	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 bulge	advcl
8	on	on	ADP	_	9 cars	case
9	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 used	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 mirrors	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present		mirrors			tree rules
2	bulge	present	mirrors			outwards property	vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	use	participle	mirrors not said here		cars		vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They help the car go faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 help	nsubj
2	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 car	det
4	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 help	obj
5	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 help	xcomp
6	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 go	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	They	the car					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent car=Beneficiary clause=Theme
2	go	infinitive	the car not said here					fast property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

They make the driver's face look smaller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 driver	det
4	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 face	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 driver	case
6	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
7	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 make	xcomp
8	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 look	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	They	the driver's face					tree rules
2	look	infinitive	the driver's face not said here					small property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3

They make cars behind look closer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	behind	behind	ADP	_	5 look	mark
5	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 make	xcomp
6	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 look	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	They	cars					tree rules
2	look	infinitive	cars not said here					close property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They show more of the road behind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 show	nsubj
2	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 show	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 road	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 road	det
6	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 more	obl
7	behind	behind	ADV	_	2 show	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	They	more				behind property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent more=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/84-mirrors-shadows-colours/t5/