Exam question 1 · Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises balanced forces?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, balance · To what, where: balanced forces

This is exam question 1 of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	balanced	balance	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 forces	amod
10	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	balanced forces	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	balance	participle			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They are equal and opposite and do not change an object's movement

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 equal	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 equal	cop
3	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 opposite	cc
5	opposite	opposite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 equal	conj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 change	cc
7	do	do	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 change	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 change	advmod
9	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 equal	conj
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 object	det
11	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 movement	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 object	case
13	movement	movement	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 change	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	They		equal property	tree rules
2	be		They not said here			tree rules
3	not change	infinitive · do-support	They not said here	a object's movement		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent movement=Patient
4	move		a object			nom movement «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

They always cause an object to change direction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cause	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 cause	advmod
3	cause	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 object	det
5	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cause	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 change	mark
7	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 cause	advcl
8	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 change	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present	They	a object				always property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition object=Patient
2	change	to-infinitive	They not said here	direction					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient

Option 3

They act only upon objects at rest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 act	nsubj
2	act	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 objects	advmod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 objects	case
5	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 act	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 rest	case
7	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 act	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	act	present	They			rest		upon objects	vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

They always cause an object to speed up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cause	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 cause	advmod
3	cause	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 object	det
5	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cause	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 speed	mark
7	speed	speed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 cause	advcl
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 speed	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present	They	a object				always property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition object=Patient
2	speed up	to-infinitive	They not said here						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/e1/