Test 10 · ★★ · Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes

why do bridges have all those triangles

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: bridges · What happens: have · To what, where: triangles

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 86 «Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 have	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 have	aux
3	bridges	bridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 triangles	det:predet
6	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 triangles	det
7	triangles	triangle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present · do-support	bridges	all triangles					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent triangle=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Triangles look nice, but add no strength

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Triangles	triangle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 look	nsubj
2	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nice	nice	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 look	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 add	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 add	cc
6	add	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 look	conj
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 strength	det
8	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 add	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	Triangles					nice property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	add speech: assert	present	Triangles not said here	no strength					vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Patient

Option 2

Triangles use more steel, so they are heavier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Triangles	triangle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	nsubj
2	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 steel	amod
4	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 use	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 heavier	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	9 heavier	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 heavier	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 heavier	cop
9	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 use	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Triangles	more steel					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steel=Patient
2	is	present	Triangles = triangle					heavy property	tree rules

Option 3

Triangles let the wind blow straight through

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Triangles	triangle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 let	nsubj
2	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wind	det
4	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 let	obj
5	blow	blow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 let	xcomp
6	straight	straight	ADV	_	7 through	advmod
7	through	through	ADV	_	5 blow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	present	Triangles	the wind					tree rules
2	blow	infinitive	the wind not said here					through property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A triangle keeps its shape when pushed, so the frame is rigid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 triangle	det
2	triangle	triangle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 keeps	nsubj
3	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 shape	nmod:poss
5	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 keeps	obj
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 pushed	mark
7	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 keeps	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 rigid	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	13 rigid	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 frame	det
11	frame	frame	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 rigid	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 rigid	cop
13	rigid	rigid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 keeps	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	keep	present	a triangle	triangle's shape		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Theme
2	push	participle	a triangle not said here			vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	the frame		rigid property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/86-building-strong-things/t10/