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Test 5 · ★ · Recycling, waste and plastic

Scientists find tiny plastic pieces in snow near the North Pole, far from any city. How did they most likely get there?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Scientists · What happens: find, get · To what, where: tiny plastic pieces, snow

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 88 «Recycling, waste and plastic» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Scientists find tiny plastic pieces in snow near the North Pole, far from any city.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 find	nsubj
2	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 pieces	amod
4	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pieces	compound
5	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 find	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 snow	case
7	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pieces	nmod
8	near	near	ADP	_	11 Pole	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Pole	det
10	North	North	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Pole	compound
11	Pole	Pole	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 pieces	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 city	punct
13	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	16 city	advmod
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 city	case
15	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	16 city	det
16	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 find	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present	Scientists	tiny plastic pieces		snow		near the North Pole; from any city	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent piece=Theme from city=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How did they most likely get there?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	6 get	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 get	aux
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 get	nsubj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 likely	advmod
5	likely	likely	ADV	_	6 get	advmod
6	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 get	advmod
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 get	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	past · do-support	Scientists = scientist			there		likely property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

The options

Option 1

People in the Arctic make lots of plastic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 Arctic	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Arctic	det
4	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 People	nmod
5	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 plastic	case
8	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lots	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	People in the Arctic	lots of plastic					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Product

Option 2

Polar bears carry plastic bags there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bears	amod
2	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carry	nsubj
3	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bags	amod
5	bags	bag	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carry	obj
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 carry	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	Polar bears	plastic bags		there			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Larger plastic broke up and the bits were carried by wind and sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Larger	large	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 broke	advmod
2	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 broke	nsubj
3	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 broke	compound:prt
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 carried	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bits	det
7	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 carried	nsubj:pass
8	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 carried	aux:pass
9	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 broke	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 wind	case
11	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carried	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 sea	cc
13	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 wind	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break up	past	plastic					large property	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	carry	past · passive	wind and sea	the bits					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 4

Snow turns into plastic when it is very cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	nsubj
2	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	4 plastic	case
4	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	obl
5	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 cold	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 cold	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 cold	cop
8	very	very	ADV	_	9 cold	advmod
9	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 turns	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	Snow			plastic			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into plastic=Trajectory
2	is	present	Snow					cold property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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