Test 13 · ★★★ · Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence
a video said ice cream sales and sunburn go up together, so ice cream gives u sunburn. right?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: video, cream sales, ice cream, u · What happens: say, go up, give, sunburn · To what, where: sunburn · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 13 · ★★★ of lesson 91 «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 video | det |
| 2 | video | video | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cream | compound |
| 5 | cream | cream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sales | compound |
| 6 | sales | sale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 go | nsubj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 sunburn | cc |
| 8 | sunburn | sunburn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sales | conj |
| 9 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 10 | up | up | ADV | _ | 9 go | advmod |
| 11 | together | together | ADV | _ | 9 go | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 gives | punct |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 gives | advmod |
| 14 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cream | compound |
| 15 | cream | cream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gives | nsubj |
| 16 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 17 | u | u | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 sunburn | nmod:poss |
| 18 | sunburn | sunburn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gives | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 gives | punct |
| 20 | right | right | INTJ | _ | 16 gives | discourse |
| 21 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | a video | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | go up | present | cream sales and sunburn | together property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | give | present | ice cream | u's sunburn | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunburn=Theme | ||||
| 4 | sunburn | u | nom sunburn «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Yes, ice cream makes skin burn faster
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 cream | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cream | compound |
| 4 | cream | cream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 makes | nsubj |
| 5 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 makes | obj |
| 7 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 makes | xcomp |
| 8 | faster | fast | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 7 burn | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | ice cream | skin | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | burn | infinitive | skin not said here | fast property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No, two things happening together does not prove one causes the other
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 9 prove | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 things | nummod |
| 4 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 prove | nsubj |
| 5 | happening | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 things | acl |
| 6 | together | together | ADV | _ | 5 happening | advmod |
| 7 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 prove | aux |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 prove | advmod |
| 9 | prove | prove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 causes | nsubj |
| 10 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 prove | obj |
| 11 | causes | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 other | det |
| 13 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 causes | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | gerund | two things not said here | together property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not prove | present · do-support | two things | one | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cause | present | the other | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition other=Patient |
Option 3
Yes, because both happen in summer
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 happen | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 happen | punct |
| 3 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 5 happen | mark |
| 4 | both | both | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 happen | nsubj |
| 5 | happen | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 summer | case |
| 7 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 happen | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | present | both | summer | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
No, sunburn makes people buy ice cream
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 sunburn | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | sunburn | sunburn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 makes | nsubj |
| 4 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 makes | obj |
| 6 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 makes | xcomp |
| 7 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cream | compound |
| 8 | cream | cream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 buy | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | sunburn | people | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | buy | infinitive | people not said here | ice cream | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cream=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/91-being-a-scientist/t13/