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Test 5 · ★ · Lungs, air and keeping fit

After a day in a smoky city, Ana coughs up mucus with dark specks in it. What were the specks?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ana · What happens: cough up, be · To what, where: mucus, specks

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 93 «Lungs, air and keeping fit» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: After a day in a smoky city, Ana coughs up mucus with dark specks in it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	3 day	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 day	det
3	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 coughs	obl
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 city	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 city	det
6	smoky	smoky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 city	amod
7	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 day	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 day	punct
9	Ana	Ana	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 coughs	nsubj
10	coughs	cough	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 coughs	compound:prt
12	mucus	mucus	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 coughs	obj
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 specks	case
14	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 specks	amod
15	specks	speck	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 coughs	obl
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 it	case
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 specks	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 coughs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cough up	present	Ana	mucus			day	with dark specks in mucus	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mucus=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What were the specks?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 specks	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 specks	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 specks	det
4	specks	speck	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 specks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past		the specks					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Old red blood cells that came up from the heart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cells	amod
2	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cells	amod
3	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cells	compound
4	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 came	nsubj
6	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cells	acl:relcl
7	up	up	ADV	_	6 came	advmod
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 heart	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 heart	det
10	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come up	past	Old red blood cells			the heart			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from heart=Initial_Location

Option 2

Oxygen that has turned dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 turned	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 turned	aux
4	turned	turn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	1 Oxygen	acl:relcl
5	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 turned	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present · perfect	Oxygen					dark property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Bits of the lungs themselves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 lungs	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 lungs	det
4	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Bits	nmod
5	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	1 Bits	appos

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Dust and smoke specks trapped by the airways

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 specks	cc
3	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 specks	compound
4	specks	speck	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Dust	conj
5	trapped	trap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 specks	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 airways	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 airways	det
8	airways	airway	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 trapped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trap	participle		smoke specks not said here				by the airways	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/t5/