Borrowing and debt, sentence 22

Lending money to friends can cause arguments, so many grown-ups only lend what they could afford to lose.

Who acts: Lending, many grown ups, ups · What happens: lend, cause, grow, afford, lose · To what, where: money, friends, arguments

This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lending, many grown ups, ups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lending	lend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 cause	csubj
2	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lending	obj
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 friends	case
4	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Lending	obl
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 cause	aux
6	cause	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	arguments	argument	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 cause	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 lend	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	15 lend	advmod
10	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ups	amod
11	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 ups	amod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 ups	punct
13	ups	up	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 lend	nsubj
14	only	only	ADV	_	15 lend	advmod
15	lend	lend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 cause	conj
16	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	19 afford	obj
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 afford	nsubj
18	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 afford	aux
19	afford	afford	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 lend	advcl
20	to	to	PART	_	21 lose	mark
21	lose	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 afford	xcomp
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 cause	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	lend	gerund		money	friends	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent money=Theme to friend=Recipient
2	cause	can	Lending	arguments		vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition argument=Patient
3	grow	participle				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	lend	infinitive	many grown ups			vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
5	afford	could	ups = up			tree rules
6	lose	to-infinitive	ups = up not said here			vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:adult-life:008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson:22.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/22/