How a language model learns: guessing the next word, sentence 12
Bots often give the most common human answer, so many of them pick 7 when asked for a number from 1 to 10.
Who acts: Bots, many · What happens: give, pick, ask · To what, where: common human answer, 7
This is a sentence of the lesson «How a language model learns: guessing the next word» of the ai course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bots, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bots | bot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 give | nsubj |
| 2 | often | often | ADV | _ | 3 give | advmod |
| 3 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 answer | det |
| 5 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 6 common | advmod |
| 6 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 answer | amod |
| 7 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 answer | amod |
| 8 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 give | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 pick | punct |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 pick | advmod |
| 11 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 pick | nsubj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 them | case |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 many | nmod |
| 14 | pick | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 give | parataxis |
| 15 | 7 | 7 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 pick | obj |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 asked | advmod |
| 17 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 pick | advcl |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 number | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 number | det |
| 20 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 asked | obl |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 1 | case |
| 22 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 number | nmod |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 10 | case |
| 24 | 10 | 10 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 1 | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 give | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | Bots | the common human answer | often property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme | |||
| 2 | pick | present | many of choices | 7 | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 7=Patient | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | participle | many of choices not said here | for a number from 1 to 10 | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ai:002-guessing-the-next-word.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/2-guessing-the-next-word/12/