Olympiad: music puzzles ★★★, sentence 1
Counting puzzles are about beats: in 4/4 time a bar holds four crotchet beats, a minim lasts two beats and a quaver half a beat, so a minim and two crotchets fill a bar exactly, and a rest still counts as part of the bar.
Who acts: bar, minim, rest · What happens: count, hold, last, fill · To what, where: four crotchet beats, two beats, bar
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: music puzzles ★★★» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bar, minim, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Counting | count | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 puzzles | amod |
| 2 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 about | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 about | cop |
| 4 | about | about | ADP | _ | root | root |
| 5 | beats | beat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 about | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 holds | punct |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 time | case |
| 8 | 4/4 | 4/4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 time | nummod |
| 9 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 holds | obl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 bar | det |
| 11 | bar | bar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 holds | nsubj |
| 12 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 fill | parataxis |
| 13 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 beats | nummod |
| 14 | crotchet | crotchet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 beats | compound |
| 15 | beats | beat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 holds | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 lasts | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 minim | det |
| 18 | minim | minim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lasts | nsubj |
| 19 | lasts | last | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 holds | conj |
| 20 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 beats | nummod |
| 21 | beats | beat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 lasts | obj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 quaver | cc |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 quaver | det |
| 24 | quaver | quaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lasts | conj |
| 25 | half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 27 beat | det:predet |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 beat | det |
| 27 | beat | beat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lasts | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 minim | punct |
| 29 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 minim | advmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 minim | det |
| 31 | minim | minim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fill | nsubj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 crotchets | cc |
| 33 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 crotchets | nummod |
| 34 | crotchets | crotchet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 minim | conj |
| 35 | fill | fill | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 about | parataxis |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 bar | det |
| 37 | bar | bar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fill | obj |
| 38 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 35 fill | advmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 counts | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 counts | cc |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 rest | det |
| 42 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 counts | nsubj |
| 43 | still | still | ADV | _ | 44 counts | advmod |
| 44 | counts | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 fill | conj |
| 45 | as | as | ADP | _ | 46 part | case |
| 46 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 counts | obl |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 bar | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 bar | det |
| 49 | bar | bar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 part | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 fill | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | count | gerund | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | ||||||
| 2 | hold | present | a bar | four crotchet beats | time | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beat=Theme | |||
| 3 | last | present | a minim | two beats | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme beat=Value | ||||
| 4 | fill | infinitive | a minim and two crotchets | a bar | exactly property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bar=Patient | |||
| 5 | count | present | a rest | still | as part of the bar | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as part=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:arts:041-olympiad-music-puzzles.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/41-olympiad-music-puzzles/1/