Singing, choirs and talent shows, sentence 0
Your voice is an instrument you carry everywhere: breath from the lungs makes the vocal folds in your throat shake, and steady breath, not shouting, is what makes a voice strong and in tune.
Who acts: voice, you, breath, vocal folds · What happens: be, carry, make, shake, not shout · To what, where: instrument, vocal folds, throat, voice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Singing, choirs and talent shows» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice, you, breath, vocal folds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 voice | nmod:poss |
| 2 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 instrument | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 instrument | cop |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 instrument | det |
| 5 | instrument | instrument | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 makes | parataxis |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 carry | nsubj |
| 7 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 instrument | acl:relcl |
| 8 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 7 carry | advmod |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 breath | punct |
| 10 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 makes | nsubj |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 lungs | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 lungs | det |
| 13 | lungs | lung | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 breath | nmod |
| 14 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 folds | det |
| 16 | vocal | vocal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 folds | amod |
| 17 | folds | fold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 makes | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 throat | case |
| 19 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 throat | nmod:poss |
| 20 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 folds | nmod |
| 21 | shake | shake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 makes | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 breath | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 breath | cc |
| 24 | steady | steady | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 breath | amod |
| 25 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 makes | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 shouting | punct |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 shouting | advmod |
| 28 | shouting | shout | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 makes | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 what | punct |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 what | cop |
| 31 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 32 makes | nsubj |
| 32 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 shouting | ccomp |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 voice | det |
| 34 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 makes | obj |
| 35 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 makes | xcomp |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 tune | cc |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 tune | case |
| 38 | tune | tune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 strong | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 instrument | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Your voice | a instrument | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | carry | present | you | a instrument not said here | everywhere property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instrument=Theme | |||
| 3 | make | present | breath from the lungs | the vocal folds | your throat | tree rules | |||
| 4 | shake | infinitive | the vocal folds not said here | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | not shout speech: express | gerund | breath from the lungs not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | is a | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | make | present | a voice | strong property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material voice=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:arts:008-singing-choirs-and-talent-shows.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/8-singing-choirs-and-talent-shows/0/