What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in, sentence 15

Barn swallows build cup nests of mud and grass under roofs, and those that nest in Britain fly about 10,000 km to southern Africa for the winter, often returning to the same barn.

Who acts: Barn swallows, those · What happens: build, nest, fly, return · To what, where: cup nests, roofs, Britain, 10,000 km, southern Africa

This is a sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Barn swallows, those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 swallows	compound
2	swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 build	nsubj
3	build	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 nests	compound
5	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 build	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 mud	case
7	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 nests	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 grass	cc
9	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 mud	conj
10	under	under	ADP	_	11 roofs	case
11	roofs	roof	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 build	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 fly	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 fly	cc
14	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	19 fly	nsubj
15	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 nest	nsubj
16	nest	nest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 those	acl:relcl
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 Britain	case
18	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 nest	obl
19	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 build	conj
20	about	about	ADV	_	21 10,000	advmod
21	10,000	10000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	22 km	nummod
22	km	km	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 fly	obl
23	to	to	ADP	_	25 Africa	case
24	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 Africa	amod
25	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 fly	obl
26	for	for	ADP	_	28 winter	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 winter	det
28	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 fly	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 returning	punct
30	often	often	ADV	_	31 returning	advmod
31	returning	return	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	19 fly	advcl
32	to	to	ADP	_	35 barn	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 barn	det
34	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 barn	amod
35	barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 returning	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 build	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	present	Barn swallows	cup nests of mud and grass		roofs			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product
2	nest	present				Britain			vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	fly	present	those	10,000 km	southern Africa		winter		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to africa=Result
4	return	gerund	those not said here					to the same barn result; often property	vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to barn=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/15/