What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in, sentence 8
A hermit crab protects its soft, curled body inside an empty sea snail shell and moves into a bigger shell as it grows; crabs sometimes line up by size and swap shells in a chain.
Who acts: hermit crab, territory, crabs · What happens: protect, curl, move, grow, line up, swap · To what, where: soft curled body, empty snail shell, bigger shell, shells, chain
This is a sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hermit crab, territory, crabs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 crab | det |
| 2 | hermit | hermit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 crab | compound |
| 3 | crab | crab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 protects | nsubj |
| 4 | protects | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 body | nmod:poss |
| 6 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 body | amod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 soft | punct |
| 8 | curled | curl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 body | amod |
| 9 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 protects | obj |
| 10 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 15 shell | case |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 shell | det |
| 12 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 shell | amod |
| 13 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 snail | compound |
| 14 | snail | snail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shell | compound |
| 15 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 protects | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 moves | cc |
| 17 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 protects | conj |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 shell | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 shell | det |
| 20 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 21 shell | amod |
| 21 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 moves | obl |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 grows | mark |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 grows | nsubj |
| 24 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 moves | advcl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 crabs | punct |
| 26 | crabs | crab | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 line | nsubj |
| 27 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 28 line | advmod |
| 28 | line | line | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 protects | parataxis |
| 29 | up | up | ADP | _ | 28 line | compound:prt |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 size | case |
| 31 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 line | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 swap | cc |
| 33 | swap | swap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 line | conj |
| 34 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 swap | obj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 chain | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 chain | det |
| 37 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 swap | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 protects | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | protect | present | a hermit crab | territory's soft curled body | a empty snail shell | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary | |||
| 2 | curl | participle | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | move | present | a hermit crab not said here | a bigger shell | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into shell=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | grow | present | territory | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | line up | present | crabs | by size; sometimes property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | swap | present | crabs not said here | shells | a chain | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/8/