Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 13

Red-bellied piranhas have razor-sharp triangular teeth but mostly eat insects, fish, worms and plants, and attacks on people are rare, usually just bites when water is low and food is scarce.

Who acts: bellied piranhas, attacks, water, food · What happens: belly, have, eat, be, bite · To what, where: razor sharp triangular teeth, insects

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bellied piranhas, attacks, water, food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Red	Red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bellied	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Red	punct
3	bellied	belly	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 piranhas	amod
4	piranhas	piranha	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	razor	razor	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 teeth	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 razor	punct
8	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 teeth	amod
9	triangular	triangular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 teeth	amod
10	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 eat	cc
12	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	13 eat	advmod
13	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 have	conj
14	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 eat	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 fish	punct
16	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 insects	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 worms	punct
18	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 insects	conj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 plants	cc
20	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 insects	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 rare	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 rare	cc
23	attacks	attack	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 rare	nsubj
24	on	on	ADP	_	25 people	case
25	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 attacks	nmod
26	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 rare	cop
27	rare	rare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 have	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 bites	punct
29	usually	usually	ADV	_	31 bites	advmod
30	just	just	ADV	_	31 bites	advmod
31	bites	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 have	parataxis
32	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	35 low	advmod
33	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 low	nsubj
34	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 low	cop
35	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 bites	advcl
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 scarce	cc
37	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 scarce	nsubj
38	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 scarce	cop
39	scarce	scarce	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 low	conj
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	belly	participle				tree rules
2	have	present	bellied piranhas	razor sharp triangular teeth		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient
3	eat	present	bellied piranhas not said here	insects and fish and worms and plants	mostly property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient
4	is	present	attacks on people		rare property	tree rules
5	bite	present			usually property	vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
6	is	present	water		low property	tree rules
7	is	present	food		scarce property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/13/