Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 12

Water is heaviest at about 4 degrees Celsius, so it sinks to the bottom of a lake while colder water and ice float on top, and fish survive under the ice.

Who acts: Water, colder water, fish · What happens: be, sink, float, survive · To what, where: 4 degrees, top, ice

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water, colder water, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heaviest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 heaviest	cop
3	heaviest	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	7 degrees	case
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 4	advmod
6	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 degrees	nummod
7	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 heaviest	obl
8	Celsius	Celsius	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 degrees	nmod:unmarked
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 sinks	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 sinks	advmod
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 sinks	nsubj
12	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 heaviest	parataxis
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 bottom	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 bottom	det
15	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sinks	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 lake	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 lake	det
18	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 bottom	nmod
19	while	while	SCONJ	_	24 float	mark
20	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	21 water	amod
21	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 float	nsubj
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 ice	cc
23	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 water	conj
24	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 sinks	advcl
25	on	on	ADP	_	26 top	case
26	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 float	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 survive	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 survive	cc
29	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 survive	nsubj
30	survive	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 float	conj
31	under	under	ADP	_	33 ice	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 ice	det
33	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 survive	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 heaviest	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Water	4 degrees Celsius	heavy property	tree rules
2	sink	present	water		to the bottom of a lake	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	float	present	colder water and ice	top		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Trajectory
4	survive	present	fish	the ice		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under ice=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/12/