The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes, sentence 12

Springboks and some gazelles leap high with stiff legs, called pronking or stotting, which seems to tell a predator «I am fit, don't bother» and warns the rest of the herd.

Who acts: Springboks, I, rest · What happens: leap, call, stott, seem, tell, be · To what, where: pronking, predator · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Springboks, I, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Springboks	springbok	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 leap	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 gazelles	cc
3	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	4 gazelles	det
4	gazelles	gazelle	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Springboks	conj
5	leap	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	high	high	ADV	_	5 leap	advmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 legs	case
8	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 legs	amod
9	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 leap	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 called	punct
11	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 leap	advcl
12	pronking	pronk	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 called	xcomp
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 stotting	cc
14	stotting	stott	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 pronking	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 seems	punct
16	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 seems	nsubj
17	seems	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 stotting	acl:relcl
18	to	to	PART	_	19 tell	mark
19	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 seems	xcomp
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 predator	det
21	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 tell	obj
22	«	«	PUNCT	_	25 fit	punct
23	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 fit	nsubj
24	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 fit	cop
25	fit	fit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 bother	parataxis
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 bother	punct
27	do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	29 bother	aux
28	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	29 bother	advmod
29	bother	bother	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 tell	ccomp
30	»	»	PUNCT	_	29 bother	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 warns	cc
32	warns	warn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 seems	conj
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 rest	det
34	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 warns	obj
35	of	of	ADP	_	37 herd	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 herd	det
37	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 rest	nmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 leap	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	leap	present	Springboks and some gazelles		with stiff legs; high property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	call	participle	Springboks and some gazelles not said here	pronking		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	stott	gerund	Springboks and some gazelles not said here			tree rules
4	seem	present				vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
5	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive		a predator		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent predator=Recipient clause=Topic
6	is in a quote	present	I		fit property	tree rules
7	not bother in a quote	infinitive · do-support				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
8	warn speech: warn	present	the rest of the herd			vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/12/