The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes, sentence 9

The white rhino has a wide, square mouth for grazing grass and the black rhino a pointed, hooked lip for picking leaves; both are grey, and «white» may come from a word meaning «wide».

Who acts: white rhino, pointed hooked lip, both, white, word · What happens: have, hook, pick, be, come, mean · To what, where: wide square mouth, leaves, word, wide

This is a sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (white rhino, pointed hooked lip, both, white), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 rhino	det
2	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rhino	amod
3	rhino	rhino	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 mouth	det
6	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 mouth	amod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 mouth	punct
8	square	square	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 mouth	amod
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 grass	case
11	grazing	grazing	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 grass	compound
12	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mouth	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 rhino	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 rhino	det
15	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 rhino	amod
16	rhino	rhino	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 grass	conj
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 lip	det
18	pointed	pointed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 lip	amod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 pointed	punct
20	hooked	hook	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 lip	amod
21	lip	lip	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 grass	conj
22	for	for	SCONJ	_	23 picking	mark
23	picking	pick	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	21 lip	acl
24	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 picking	obj
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 grey	punct
26	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	28 grey	nsubj
27	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 grey	cop
28	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 has	parataxis
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 come	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 come	cc
31	«	«	PUNCT	_	32 white	punct
32	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 come	nsubj
33	»	»	PUNCT	_	32 white	punct
34	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	35 come	aux
35	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 grey	conj
36	from	from	ADP	_	38 word	case
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 word	det
38	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 come	obl
39	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	38 word	acl
40	«	«	PUNCT	_	41 wide	punct
41	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 meaning	obj
42	»	»	PUNCT	_	41 wide	punct
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	the white rhino	a wide square mouth		for grazing grass and the black rhino and a pointed hooked lip	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouth=Patient
2	hook	participle					vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme
3	pick	gerund	a pointed hooked lip not said here	leaves			vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
4	is	present	both			grey property	tree rules
5	come	may	white		a word		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial_Location
6	mean	gerund	a word not said here	wide			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wide=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/9/