The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes, sentence 13

The cassowary of northern Australia and New Guinea is a big flightless bird with a dagger-like claw on its inner toe; its kick can badly hurt people, and by eating fruit it spreads the seeds of many rainforest trees.

Who acts: cassowary, kick, toe · What happens: be, hurt, eat, spread, kick · To what, where: big flightless bird, people, fruit, seeds

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cassowary, kick, toe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cassowary	det
2	cassowary	cassowary	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 bird	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	8 Guinea	case
4	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 Australia	amod
5	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 cassowary	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 New	cc
7	New	New	PROPN	_	5 Australia	conj
8	Guinea	Guinea	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Australia	conj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 bird	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 bird	det
11	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 bird	amod
12	flightless	flightless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 bird	amod
13	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
14	with	with	ADP	_	19 claw	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 claw	det
16	dagger	dagger	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 like	compound
17	-	-	PUNCT	_	18 like	punct
18	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 claw	amod
19	claw	claw	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 bird	nmod
20	on	on	ADP	_	23 toe	case
21	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 toe	nmod:poss
22	inner	inner	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 toe	amod
23	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 claw	nmod
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 hurt	punct
25	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 kick	nmod:poss
26	kick	kick	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 hurt	nsubj
27	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	29 hurt	aux
28	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	29 hurt	advmod
29	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 bird	parataxis
30	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 hurt	obj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 spreads	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 spreads	cc
33	by	by	SCONJ	_	34 eating	mark
34	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	37 spreads	advcl
35	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 eating	obj
36	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 spreads	nsubj
37	spreads	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 hurt	conj
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 seeds	det
39	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 spreads	obj
40	of	of	ADP	_	43 trees	case
41	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 trees	amod
42	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 trees	compound
43	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 seeds	nmod
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 bird	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the cassowary northern Australia and New and Guinea	a big flightless bird	with a like claw on claw's inner toe	tree rules
2	hurt	can	toe's kick	people	badly property	vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Patient
3	eat	gerund	kick not said here	fruit		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient
4	spread	present	kick	the seeds of many rainforest trees		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location seed=Theme
5	kick		toe			nom kick «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/13/