The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes, sentence 8

Male kangaroos «box» by pushing with their arms and kicking with their back legs while leaning on their tails, to win rank, and the kicks can be dangerous.

Who acts: Male kangaroos, kicks · What happens: box, push, kick, lean, win, be · To what, where: tails, rank

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Male kangaroos, kicks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 kangaroos	amod
2	kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 box	nsubj
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 box	punct
4	box	box	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 box	punct
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 pushing	mark
7	pushing	push	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 box	advcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 arms	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 arms	nmod:poss
10	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 pushing	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 kicking	cc
12	kicking	kick	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 pushing	conj
13	with	with	ADP	_	16 legs	case
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 legs	nmod:poss
15	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 legs	compound
16	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 kicking	obl
17	while	while	SCONJ	_	18 leaning	mark
18	leaning	lean	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 kicking	advcl
19	on	on	ADP	_	21 tails	case
20	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 tails	nmod:poss
21	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 leaning	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 win	punct
23	to	to	PART	_	24 win	mark
24	win	win	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 box	advcl
25	rank	rank	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 win	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 dangerous	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 dangerous	cc
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 kicks	det
29	kicks	kick	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 dangerous	nsubj
30	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	32 dangerous	aux
31	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	32 dangerous	cop
32	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 box	conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 box	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	box in a quote	present	Male kangaroos				vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	push	gerund	Male kangaroos not said here			with kangaroos's arms	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	kick	gerund	Male kangaroos not said here			with kangaroos's back legs	vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with leg=Instrument
4	lean	gerund	Male kangaroos not said here		kangaroos's tails		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on tail=Location
5	win	to-infinitive	Male kangaroos not said here	rank			vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rank=Eventuality
6	is	can	the kicks			dangerous property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/8/