The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes, sentence 9
The emu is Australia's biggest bird; it cannot fly, runs at about 50 kilometres per hour, booms from a throat sac, and the father sits on the eggs for about eight weeks, hardly eating or drinking.
Who acts: emu, kick, father · What happens: be, not fly, run, boom, sit, eat · To what, where: biggest bird, 50 kilometres, throat sac, eggs
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (emu, kick, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 emu | det |
| 2 | emu | emu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bird | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 bird | cop |
| 4 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 bird | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 Australia | case |
| 6 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 7 bird | amod |
| 7 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 fly | punct |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 fly | nsubj |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 fly | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 fly | advmod |
| 12 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 bird | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 runs | punct |
| 14 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 fly | conj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 kilometres | case |
| 16 | about | about | ADV | _ | 17 50 | advmod |
| 17 | 50 | 50 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 18 kilometres | nummod |
| 18 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 runs | obl |
| 19 | per | per | ADP | _ | 20 hour | case |
| 20 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 kilometres | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 booms | punct |
| 22 | booms | boom | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 fly | conj |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 sac | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 sac | det |
| 25 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sac | compound |
| 26 | sac | sac | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 booms | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sits | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 sits | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 father | det |
| 30 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sits | nsubj |
| 31 | sits | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 fly | conj |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 eggs | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 eggs | det |
| 34 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 sits | obl |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 38 weeks | case |
| 36 | about | about | ADV | _ | 37 eight | advmod |
| 37 | eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 weeks | nummod |
| 38 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 sits | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 eating | punct |
| 40 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 41 eating | advmod |
| 41 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 sits | advcl |
| 42 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 43 drinking | cc |
| 43 | drinking | drink | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 eating | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 bird | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the emu | Australia's biggest bird | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not fly | can | kick | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | run | present | kick not said here | 50 kilometres per hour | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at kilometre=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | boom | present | kick not said here | a throat sac | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | sit | present | the father | the eggs | week | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on egg=Location | |||
| 6 | eat | gerund | the father not said here | hardly property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | drink | gerund | the father not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/9/