The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 10

Polar bear cubs are born in a snow den in winter, blind and weighing less than a kilogram, and stay with their mother about two years; she does not eat for months while feeding them milk.

Who acts: town · What happens: bear, weigh, stay, not eat, feed · To what, where: bear cubs, snow den, kilogram, milk, cubs

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (town), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bear	amod
2	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cubs	compound
3	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 born	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 born	aux:pass
5	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 den	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 den	det
8	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 den	compound
9	den	den	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 born	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 winter	case
11	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 born	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 blind	punct
13	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 born	advcl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 weighing	cc
15	weighing	weigh	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 blind	conj
16	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	19 kilogram	advmod
17	than	than	ADP	_	16 less	fixed
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 kilogram	det
19	kilogram	kilogram	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 weighing	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 stay	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 stay	cc
22	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 born	conj
23	with	with	ADP	_	25 mother	case
24	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 mother	nmod:poss
25	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 stay	obl
26	about	about	ADV	_	27 two	advmod
27	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 years	nummod
28	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 mother	nmod
29	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 eat	punct
30	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 eat	nsubj
31	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 eat	aux
32	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	33 eat	advmod
33	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 born	conj
34	for	for	ADP	_	35 months	case
35	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 eat	obl
36	while	while	SCONJ	_	37 feeding	mark
37	feeding	feed	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	33 eat	advcl
38	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 feeding	iobj
39	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 feeding	obj
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 born	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		bear cubs		a snow den	winter		vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	weigh	gerund		a kilogram					vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value
3	stay	present						with cubs's mother two years	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with mother=Location
4	not eat	present · do-support	town				month		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	feed	gerund	town not said here	milk	cubs = cub				vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient milk=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/10/