The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 12

Polar bears evolved from brown bears, scientists think a few hundred thousand years ago, and polar bears and grizzlies have met in Canada and had «pizzly» cubs.

Who acts: Polar bears, scientists · What happens: evolve, think, meet, have · To what, where: Canada, pizzly cubs

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polar bears, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bears	amod
2	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 evolved	nsubj
3	evolved	evolve	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 bears	case
5	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bears	amod
6	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 evolved	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 think	punct
8	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 think	nsubj
9	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 evolved	parataxis
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 hundred	det
11	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 hundred	amod
12	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 thousand	compound
13	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 years	nummod
14	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 think	obl:unmarked
15	ago	ago	ADV	_	14 years	advmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 met	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 met	cc
18	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 bears	amod
19	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 met	nsubj
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 grizzlies	cc
21	grizzlies	grizzly	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 bears	conj
22	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 met	aux
23	met	meet	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 evolved	conj
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 Canada	case
25	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 met	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 had	cc
27	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 met	conj
28	«	«	PUNCT	_	27 had	punct
29	pizzly	pizzly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 cubs	amod
30	»	»	PUNCT	_	31 cubs	punct
31	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 had	obj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 evolved	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	evolve	past	Polar bears				from brown bears	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from bear=Patient
2	think speech: other	present	scientists			year		vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	meet	present · perfect	polar bears and grizzlies		Canada			vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	have	past	polar bears and grizzlies not said here	pizzly cubs				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/12/