The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 4

Polar bears are strong swimmers that paddle with huge front paws and steer with the back legs, and one bear was tracked swimming for over nine days without stopping.

Who acts: strong swimmers · What happens: be, steer, track, swim, stop · To what, where: one bear

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strong swimmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bears	amod
2	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 swimmers	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 paddle	cop
4	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 swimmers	amod
5	swimmers	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 paddle	nsubj
7	paddle	paddle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 swimmers	acl:relcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 paws	case
9	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 paws	amod
10	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 paws	amod
11	paws	paw	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 paddle	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 steer	cc
13	steer	steer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 paddle	conj
14	with	with	ADP	_	17 legs	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 legs	det
16	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 legs	compound
17	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 steer	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 tracked	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 tracked	cc
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 bear	nummod
21	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 tracked	nsubj:pass
22	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 tracked	aux:pass
23	tracked	track	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 swimmers	conj
24	swimming	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 tracked	xcomp
25	for	for	ADP	_	28 days	case
26	over	over	ADV	_	27 nine	advmod
27	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 days	nummod
28	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 swimming	obl
29	without	without	SCONJ	_	30 stopping	mark
30	stopping	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 tracked	advcl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 swimmers	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	strong swimmers			with huge front paws; paddle property	tree rules
2	steer	present	strong swimmers not said here			with the back legs	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	track	past · passive		one bear			tree rules
4	swim	gerund			day		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	stop	gerund					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/4/