The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 5
Polar bear hairs are clear and hollow and look white because they scatter light; the skin underneath is black, and in some warm zoos tiny algae growing inside the hairs have turned the fur green.
Who acts: Polar bear hairs, cartoons, skin underneath, tiny algae · What happens: be, look, scatter, grow, turn · To what, where: light, hairs, fur
This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polar bear hairs, cartoons, skin underneath, tiny algae), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Polar | polar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 hairs | amod |
| 2 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hairs | compound |
| 3 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 clear | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 clear | cop |
| 5 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 hollow | cc |
| 7 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 clear | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 look | cc |
| 9 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 clear | conj |
| 10 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 look | xcomp |
| 11 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 13 scatter | mark |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 scatter | nsubj |
| 13 | scatter | scatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 look | advcl |
| 14 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 scatter | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 black | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 skin | det |
| 17 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 underneath | compound |
| 18 | underneath | underneath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 black | nsubj |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 black | cop |
| 20 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 clear | parataxis |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 turned | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 turned | cc |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 zoos | case |
| 24 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 zoos | det |
| 25 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 zoos | amod |
| 26 | zoos | zoo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 turned | obl |
| 27 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 algae | amod |
| 28 | algae | alga | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 turned | nsubj |
| 29 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 algae | acl |
| 30 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 32 hairs | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 hairs | det |
| 32 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 growing | obl |
| 33 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 turned | aux |
| 34 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 black | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 fur | det |
| 36 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 turned | obj |
| 37 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 turned | xcomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 clear | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Polar bear hairs | clear property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | Polar bear hairs not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | look | present | Polar bear hairs not said here | white property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | scatter | present | cartoons = cartoon | light | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | present | skin underneath | black property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | grow | gerund | tiny algae not said here | the hairs | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside hair=Location | ||||
| 7 | turn | present · perfect | tiny algae | the fur | in some warm zoos; green property | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent fur=Patient in zoo=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/5/