The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 6

Keepers give polar bears ice blocks with fish, meat or fruit frozen inside, so breaking the ice keeps them busy, a bit like hunting; a wild bear can smell a seal under the snow from a long way off, often said to be about a kilometre.

Who acts: Keepers, breaking, bit, wild bear · What happens: give, freeze, break, keep, hunt, smell · To what, where: ice blocks, polar bears, fruit, ice, blocks, seal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Keepers, breaking, bit, wild bear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keepers	keeper	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 give	nsubj
2	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bears	amod
4	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 give	iobj
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 blocks	compound
6	blocks	block	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 give	obj
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 fish	case
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 blocks	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 meat	punct
10	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fish	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 fruit	cc
12	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fish	conj
13	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 fruit	acl
14	inside	inside	ADV	_	13 frozen	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 keeps	punct
16	so	so	ADV	_	20 keeps	advmod
17	breaking	break	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 keeps	csubj
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 ice	det
19	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 breaking	obj
20	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 give	advcl
21	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 keeps	obj
22	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 keeps	xcomp
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 bit	punct
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 bit	det
25	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 give	parataxis
26	like	like	SCONJ	_	27 hunting	mark
27	hunting	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	25 bit	acl
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 smell	punct
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 bear	det
30	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 bear	amod
31	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 smell	nsubj
32	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 smell	aux
33	smell	smell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 hunting	conj
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 seal	det
35	seal	seal	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 smell	obj
36	under	under	ADP	_	38 snow	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 snow	det
38	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 seal	nmod
39	from	from	ADP	_	42 way	case
40	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 way	det
41	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 way	amod
42	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 smell	obl
43	off	off	ADV	_	42 way	advmod
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 bit	punct
45	often	often	ADV	_	46 said	advmod
46	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 give	parataxis
47	to	to	PART	_	51 kilometre	mark
48	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	51 kilometre	cop
49	about	about	ADP	_	51 kilometre	case
50	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	51 kilometre	det
51	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 said	xcomp
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 give	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	give	present	Keepers	ice blocks	polar bears		with fish and meat or fruit	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent bear=Recipient block=Theme
2	freeze	participle		fruit not said here			inside property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	break	gerund		the ice				vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ice=Patient
4	keep	present	breaking	blocks = block			busy property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
5	hunt	gerund	a bit not said here					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	smell	can	a wild bear	a seal		the snow	from a long way	vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent seal=Theme under snow=Location
7	say speech: assert	participle					often property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
8	is	to-infinitive					about a kilometre	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/6/