The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 7

Wild polar bears roam huge distances, so they need deep, cool water and lots of space; small concrete pits in older zoos made many bears stressed, so many zoos stopped keeping them and newer ones built big areas with grass, hills and deep pools.

Who acts: Wild polar bears, distances, small concrete pits, many bears, many zoos · What happens: roam, need, make, stress, stop, keep · To what, where: huge distances, deep cool water, many bears, zoos, big areas

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild polar bears, distances, small concrete pits, many bears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bears	amod
2	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bears	amod
3	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 roam	nsubj
4	roam	roam	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 stopped	parataxis
5	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 distances	amod
6	distances	distance	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 roam	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 need	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 need	advmod
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 need	nsubj
10	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 roam	conj
11	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 water	amod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 deep	punct
13	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 water	amod
14	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 need	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 lots	cc
16	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 water	conj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 space	case
18	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 lots	nmod
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 pits	punct
20	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 pits	amod
21	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 pits	compound
22	pits	pit	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 made	nsubj
23	in	in	ADP	_	25 zoos	case
24	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	25 zoos	amod
25	zoos	zoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 pits	nmod
26	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 stopped	parataxis
27	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 bears	amod
28	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 made	obj
29	stressed	stress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 made	xcomp
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 zoos	punct
31	so	so	ADV	_	32 many	advmod
32	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 zoos	amod
33	zoos	zoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 stopped	nsubj
34	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
35	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	34 stopped	xcomp
36	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 keeping	obj
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 ones	cc
38	newer	new	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	39 ones	amod
39	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 stopped	conj
40	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 stopped	conj
41	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 areas	amod
42	areas	area	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 built	obj
43	with	with	ADP	_	44 grass	case
44	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 areas	nmod
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 hills	punct
46	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 grass	conj
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 pools	cc
48	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 pools	amod
49	pools	pool	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 areas	conj
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 roam	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	roam	present	Wild polar bears	huge distances		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme distance=Trajectory
2	need	present	distances = distance	deep cool water and lots of space		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme
3	make	past	small concrete pits in older zoos	many bears		tree rules
4	stress	participle	many bears not said here			vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
5	stop	past	many zoos			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
6	keep	gerund	many zoos not said here	zoos = zoo		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
7	build	past	many zoos not said here	big areas and deep pools	with grass and hills	vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent area=Theme with grass=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/7/