The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 8

Arctic sea ice now melts earlier and freezes later as the climate warms, so polar bears have less time to hunt seals, though they can go months without eating while they wait.

Who acts: Arctic sea ice, climate, polar bears, seals · What happens: melt, freeze, warm, have, hunt, go · To what, where: seals

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arctic sea ice, climate, polar bears, seals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 ice	amod
2	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ice	compound
3	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 melts	nsubj
4	now	now	ADV	_	5 melts	advmod
5	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	earlier	early	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 melts	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 freezes	cc
8	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 melts	conj
9	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 freezes	advmod
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 warms	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 climate	det
12	climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 warms	nsubj
13	warms	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 freezes	advcl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 have	punct
15	so	so	ADV	_	18 have	advmod
16	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 bears	amod
17	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 have	nsubj
18	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 melts	parataxis
19	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	20 time	amod
20	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 have	obj
21	to	to	PART	_	22 hunt	mark
22	hunt	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 time	acl
23	seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 hunt	obj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 go	punct
25	though	though	SCONJ	_	28 go	mark
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 go	nsubj
27	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 go	aux
28	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 have	advcl
29	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 go	obl:unmarked
30	without	without	SCONJ	_	31 eating	mark
31	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	28 go	advcl
32	while	while	SCONJ	_	34 wait	mark
33	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 wait	nsubj
34	wait	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 eating	advcl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 melts	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Arctic sea ice		now	early property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	freeze	present	Arctic sea ice not said here			late property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	warm	present	the climate				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	have	present	polar bears		time		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	hunt	to-infinitive	polar bears not said here	seals			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seal=Theme
6	go	can	seals = seal		month		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	eat	gerund	seals = seal not said here				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	wait	present	seals = seal				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/8/