The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer, sentence 4

Arctic foxes moult from white in winter to brown or grey in summer so they match snow and then rocks, and their winter coat is so warm they do not start to shiver until it is about minus 70 degrees.

Who acts: Arctic foxes, makers, winter coat, fox · What happens: moult, match, rock, be, not start, not shiver · To what, where: white, snow, 70 degrees

This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arctic foxes, makers, winter coat, fox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 foxes	amod
2	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 moult	nsubj
3	moult	moult	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 white	case
5	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 moult	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 winter	case
7	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 white	obl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 brown	case
9	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 moult	obl
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 grey	cc
11	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 brown	conj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 summer	case
13	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 grey	obl
14	so	so	ADV	_	16 match	advmod
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 match	nsubj
16	match	match	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 moult	advcl
17	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 match	obj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 rocks	cc
19	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	20 rocks	advmod
20	rocks	rock	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 match	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 warm	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 warm	cc
23	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 coat	nmod:poss
24	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 coat	compound
25	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 warm	nsubj
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 warm	cop
27	so	so	ADV	_	28 warm	advmod
28	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 moult	conj
29	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 start	nsubj
30	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 start	aux
31	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	32 start	advmod
32	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 warm	advcl
33	to	to	PART	_	34 shiver	mark
34	shiver	shiver	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 start	xcomp
35	until	until	SCONJ	_	41 degrees	mark
36	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 degrees	nsubj
37	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 degrees	cop
38	about	about	ADV	_	40 70	advmod
39	minus	minus	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 70	amod
40	70	70	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	41 degrees	nummod
41	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 start	obl
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 moult	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	moult	present	Arctic foxes		white		to brown	vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	match	present	makers = maker	snow				vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snow=Patient
3	rock	present	makers = maker not said here			then		vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	present	makers's winter coat				warm property	tree rules
5	not start	present · do-support	makers = maker					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
6	not shiver	to-infinitive	makers = maker not said here					vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
7	is a	present	fox	70 degrees				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/4/