The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears, sentence 4

Giant pandas eat bamboo for up to 14 hours a day, often 12 to 38 kilograms, and digest only a small part, because they are bears whose teeth and gut come from meat-eating ancestors.

Who acts: Giant pandas, dumplings, bears · What happens: eat, digest, be, come · To what, where: bamboo, small part, bears, eating ancestors

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Giant pandas, dumplings, bears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pandas	amod
2	pandas	panda	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eat	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	9 hours	case
6	up	up	ADV	_	8 14	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 hours	case
8	14	14	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 hours	nummod
9	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	obl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 day	det
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hours	nmod:unmarked
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 kilograms	punct
13	often	often	ADV	_	17 kilograms	advmod
14	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 kilograms	nummod
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 38	case
16	38	38	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 12	nmod
17	kilograms	kilogram	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 day	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 digest	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 digest	cc
20	digest	digest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 eat	conj
21	only	only	ADV	_	24 part	advmod
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 part	det
23	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 part	amod
24	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 digest	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 come	punct
26	because	because	SCONJ	_	34 come	mark
27	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 bears	nsubj
28	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 bears	cop
29	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 come	nsubj
30	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	31 teeth	nmod:poss
31	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 come	nsubj
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 gut	cc
33	gut	gut	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 teeth	conj
34	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 eat	conj
35	from	from	ADP	_	39 ancestors	case
36	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 eating	compound
37	-	-	PUNCT	_	36 meat	punct
38	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	39 ancestors	amod
39	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 come	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 eat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	eat	present	Giant pandas	bamboo		hour	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bamboo=Patient
2	digest	present	Giant pandas not said here	a small part			tree rules
3	is a	present	dumplings = dumpling	bears			tree rules
4	come	present	bears		eating ancestors		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from ancestor=Initial_Location
5	eat	gerund					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears/4/