The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears, sentence 6

Almost all giant pandas in zoos abroad are lent by China, and cubs born there go to China; Edinburgh Zoo had the only giant pandas in Britain from 2011 to 2023.

Who acts: China, cubs, Edinburgh Zoo · What happens: lend, bear, go, have · To what, where: giant pandas, cubs, China, only giant pandas, Britain

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China, cubs, Edinburgh Zoo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Almost	almost	ADV	_	2 all	advmod
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 pandas	det
3	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pandas	amod
4	pandas	panda	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 lent	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 zoos	case
6	zoos	zoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pandas	nmod
7	abroad	abroad	ADV	_	6 zoos	advmod
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lent	aux:pass
9	lent	lend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 China	case
11	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 lent	obl:agent
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 go	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 go	cc
14	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 go	nsubj
15	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 cubs	acl
16	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 born	advmod
17	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lent	conj
18	to	to	ADP	_	19 China	case
19	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 go	obl
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 had	punct
21	Edinburgh	Edinburgh	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 Zoo	compound
22	Zoo	Zoo	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 had	nsubj
23	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 lent	parataxis
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 pandas	det
25	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 pandas	amod
26	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 pandas	amod
27	pandas	panda	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 had	obj
28	in	in	ADP	_	29 Britain	case
29	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 pandas	nmod
30	from	from	ADP	_	31 2011	case
31	2011	2011	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 had	obl
32	to	to	ADP	_	33 2023	case
33	2023	2023	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	31 2011	nmod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 lent	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lend	present · passive	China	all giant pandas in zoos			vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	bear	participle		cubs not said here	there		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
3	go	present	cubs		China		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to china=Initial_Location
4	have	past	Edinburgh Zoo	the only giant pandas	Britain	from 2011 to 2023	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent panda=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears/6/