The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and giant otters, sentence 8

Giant anteaters walk on their knuckles to protect long front claws, which rip open hard termite mounds and can fight off a jaguar.

Who acts: Giant anteaters, long front claws · What happens: walk, protect, rip, fight off · To what, where: knuckles, long front claws, open hard termite mounds, jaguar

This is a sentence of the lesson «The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and giant otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Giant anteaters, long front claws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 anteaters	amod
2	anteaters	anteater	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 walk	nsubj
3	walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 knuckles	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 knuckles	nmod:poss
6	knuckles	knuckle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 walk	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 protect	mark
8	protect	protect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 walk	advcl
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 claws	amod
10	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 claws	amod
11	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 protect	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 rip	punct
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 rip	nsubj
14	rip	rip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 claws	acl:relcl
15	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 mounds	amod
16	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 mounds	amod
17	termite	termite	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 mounds	compound
18	mounds	mound	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 rip	obj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 fight	cc
20	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 fight	aux
21	fight	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 rip	conj
22	off	off	ADP	_	21 fight	compound:prt
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 jaguar	det
24	jaguar	jaguar	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 fight	obj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 walk	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	walk	present	Giant anteaters		centimetres's knuckles	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on knuckle=Trajectory
2	protect	to-infinitive	Giant anteaters not said here	long front claws		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Beneficiary
3	rip	present	long front claws	open hard termite mounds		vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mound=Patient
4	fight off	can	long front claws not said here	a jaguar		vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jaguar=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/8/