Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs, sentence 2

The hard thing about wetland mud is that it has almost no oxygen, so roots can suffocate and dead plants hardly rot; poke it with a stick and stinky bubbles of marsh gas come up.

Who acts: water, roots, dead plants · What happens: be, have, suffocate, rot, poke, come up · To what, where: hard thing, oxygen, water

This is a sentence of the lesson «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, roots, dead plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 thing	det
2	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 thing	amod
3	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 mud	case
5	wetland	wetland	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mud	compound
6	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 thing	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 thing	cop
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 has	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 has	nsubj
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 thing	ccomp
11	almost	almost	ADV	_	13 oxygen	advmod
12	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	13 oxygen	det
13	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 suffocate	punct
15	so	so	ADV	_	18 suffocate	advmod
16	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 suffocate	nsubj
17	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 suffocate	aux
18	suffocate	suffocate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 has	parataxis
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 rot	cc
20	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 plants	amod
21	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 rot	nsubj
22	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	23 rot	advmod
23	rot	rot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 suffocate	conj
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 poke	punct
25	poke	poke	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 suffocate	conj
26	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 poke	obj
27	with	with	ADP	_	29 stick	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 stick	det
29	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 poke	obl
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 bubbles	cc
31	stinky	stinky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 bubbles	amod
32	bubbles	bubble	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 stick	conj
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 gas	case
34	marsh	marsh	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 gas	compound
35	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 bubbles	nmod
36	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 poke	conj
37	up	up	ADV	_	36 come	advmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 oxygen	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the hard thing	about wetland mud	tree rules
2	have	present	water	no oxygen		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Patient
3	suffocate	can	roots			vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient
4	rot	infinitive	dead plants		hardly property	vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	poke	infinitive	roots not said here	water	with a stick and stinky bubbles of marsh gas	vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.instsrument»: agent=Agent it=Theme with stick=Instrument
6	come up	present	roots not said here			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:011-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/2/