Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs, sentence 3
Wetland living things have clever answers: mangroves grow breathing roots like snorkels, sundews and flytraps catch insects for the nitrogen the soil lacks, and fish like mudskippers even walk out onto the mud.
Who acts: Wetland living things, mangroves, soil, fish · What happens: live, have, grow, breathe, catch, lack · To what, where: clever answers, breathing roots, insects, nitrogen, mud
This is a sentence of the lesson «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wetland living things, mangroves, soil, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wetland | wetland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 things | compound |
| 2 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 things | amod |
| 3 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 answers | amod |
| 6 | answers | answer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 breathing | punct |
| 8 | mangroves | mangrove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 grow | nsubj |
| 9 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 answers | acl |
| 10 | breathing | breathe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 roots | amod |
| 11 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 grow | obj |
| 12 | like | like | ADP | _ | 13 snorkels | case |
| 13 | snorkels | snorkel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 roots | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 sundews | punct |
| 15 | sundews | sundew | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 roots | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 flytraps | cc |
| 17 | flytraps | flytrap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 roots | conj |
| 18 | catch | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | parataxis |
| 19 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 catch | obj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 nitrogen | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 nitrogen | det |
| 22 | nitrogen | nitrogen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 catch | obl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 soil | det |
| 24 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 lacks | nsubj |
| 25 | lacks | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 nitrogen | acl:relcl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 walk | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 walk | cc |
| 28 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 walk | nsubj |
| 29 | like | like | ADP | _ | 30 mudskippers | case |
| 30 | mudskippers | mudskipper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 fish | nmod |
| 31 | even | even | ADV | _ | 32 walk | advmod |
| 32 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 breathing | parataxis |
| 33 | out | out | ADV | _ | 32 walk | advmod |
| 34 | onto | onto | ADP | _ | 36 mud | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 mud | det |
| 36 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 walk | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | have | present | Wetland living things | clever answers | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Patient | ||||
| 3 | grow | present | mangroves | breathing roots and sundews and flytraps | like snorkels | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location root=Theme | |||
| 4 | breathe | gerund | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | catch | present | insects | for the nitrogen | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent insect=Theme for nitrogen=Beneficiary | ||||
| 6 | lack | present | the soil | the nitrogen not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | walk out | infinitive | fish like mudskippers | the mud | out property | vn resign-10.11 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:011-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/3/