Training and enrichment: keeping zoo animals busy and healthy, sentence 6

A clicker marks the exact moment an animal does the right thing and a food reward follows; training with rewards is called positive reinforcement, and it is used for dogs too, and even fish and crocodiles have learned to come to a target for a reward.

Who acts: clicker, animal, food reward · What happens: mark, do, follow, call, use, learn · To what, where: right thing, training, animal, fish, target · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Training and enrichment: keeping zoo animals busy and healthy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clicker, animal, food reward), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 clicker	det
2	clicker	clicker	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marks	nsubj
3	marks	mark	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 moment	det
5	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 moment	amod
6	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marks	obj
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 animal	det
8	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 does	nsubj
9	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 moment	acl:relcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 thing	det
11	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 thing	amod
12	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 does	obj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 follows	cc
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 reward	det
15	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 reward	compound
16	reward	reward	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 follows	nsubj
17	follows	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 does	conj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 called	punct
19	training	training	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 called	nsubj:pass
20	with	with	ADP	_	21 rewards	case
21	rewards	reward	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 training	nmod
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 called	aux:pass
23	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 marks	parataxis
24	positive	positive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 reinforcement	amod
25	reinforcement	reinforcement	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 called	xcomp
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 used	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 used	cc
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 used	nsubj:pass
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 used	aux:pass
30	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 called	conj
31	for	for	ADP	_	32 dogs	case
32	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 used	obl
33	too	too	ADV	_	30 used	advmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 learned	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 learned	cc
36	even	even	ADV	_	37 fish	advmod
37	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 learned	nsubj:pass
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 crocodiles	cc
39	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 fish	conj
40	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 learned	aux
41	learned	learn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 called	conj
42	to	to	PART	_	43 come	mark
43	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	41 learned	xcomp
44	to	to	ADP	_	46 target	case
45	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 target	det
46	target	target	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 come	obl
47	for	for	ADP	_	49 reward	case
48	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	49 reward	det
49	reward	reward	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 come	obl
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 marks	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mark	present	a clicker			moment		vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	do	present	a animal	the right thing				vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
3	follow	present	a food reward					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	call	present · passive		training with rewards				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
5	use	present · passive		animal			for dogs	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for dog=Eventuality
6	learn	present · perfect · passive		fish and crocodiles				tree rules
7	come	to-infinitive			a target		for a reward	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to target=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:112-training-and-enrichment.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/112-training-and-enrichment/6/