Why zoos exist and what critics say, sentence 1
Today good zoos say they are for four things: saving species, teaching people, doing research and helping people love animals, and the Arabian oryx, the condor and Przewalski's horse are alive in the wild partly thanks to them.
Who acts: good zoos, Zoos, people · What happens: say, be, save, teach, do, help · To what, where: research, animals, wild · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why zoos exist and what critics say» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good zoos, Zoos, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 say | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 zoos | amod |
| 3 | zoos | zoo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 say | nsubj |
| 4 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 things | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 things | cop |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 things | case |
| 8 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 things | nummod |
| 9 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 say | ccomp |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 species | punct |
| 11 | saving | save | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 species | amod |
| 12 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 things | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 teaching | punct |
| 14 | teaching | teach | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 people | amod |
| 15 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 species | parataxis |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 doing | punct |
| 17 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 species | parataxis |
| 18 | research | research | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 doing | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 helping | cc |
| 20 | helping | help | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 doing | conj |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 love | nsubj |
| 22 | love | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 helping | xcomp |
| 23 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 love | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 condor | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 condor | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 oryx | det |
| 27 | Arabian | Arabian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 oryx | amod |
| 28 | oryx | oryx | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 condor | compound |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 oryx | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 condor | det |
| 31 | condor | condor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 species | acl:relcl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 horse | cc |
| 33 | Przewalski | Przewalski | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 horse | nmod:poss |
| 34 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 33 Przewalski | case |
| 35 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 condor | conj |
| 36 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 alive | cop |
| 37 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 say | conj |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 wild | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 wild | det |
| 40 | wild | wild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 alive | obl |
| 41 | partly | partly | ADV | _ | 42 thanks | advmod |
| 42 | thanks | thanks | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 alive | obl |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 them | case |
| 44 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 thanks | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | good zoos | today | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | present | Zoos = zoo | for four things and saving species | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | save | gerund | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | teach speech: other | gerund | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | do | gerund | research | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent research=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | help | gerund | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | love | present | people | animals | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer animal=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | is | present | good zoos not said here | the wild | thanks to Zoos obl; alive property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say/1/