How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing, sentence 10

Each cat ear has about 30 muscles and can turn on its own to pinpoint a sound, and cats hear very high sounds, including mouse squeaks, far above what people hear.

Who acts: cat ear, cats, people · What happens: have, turn, pinpoint, hear · To what, where: 30 muscles, own, sound, high sounds

This is a sentence of the lesson «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cat ear, cats, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	3 ear	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ear	compound
3	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 30	advmod
6	30	30	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 muscles	nummod
7	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 turn	cc
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 turn	aux
10	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 has	conj
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 own	case
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 own	nmod:poss
13	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 turn	obl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 pinpoint	mark
15	pinpoint	pinpoint	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 turn	advcl
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 sound	det
17	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 pinpoint	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 hear	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 turn	cc
20	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 hear	nsubj
21	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 has	conj
22	very	very	ADV	_	23 high	advmod
23	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 sounds	amod
24	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 hear	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 squeaks	punct
26	including	include	ADP	_	28 squeaks	case
27	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 squeaks	compound
28	squeaks	squeak	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 sounds	nmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 far	punct
30	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	21 hear	advmod
31	above	above	ADP	_	32 what	case
32	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 hear	obl
33	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 hear	nsubj
34	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 what	acl:relcl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	each cat ear	30 muscles			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient
2	turn	can	each cat ear not said here		cat's own		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on own=Trajectory
3	pinpoint	to-infinitive	each cat ear not said here	a sound			tree rules
4	hear	present	cats	high sounds		include mouse squeaks; far property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus
5	hear	present	people				vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/10/