How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing, sentence 16

Cats sleep or doze about 12 to 16 hours a day to save energy for short bursts of hunting, and they are most active at dawn and dusk, when mice and many birds are on the move.

Who acts: Cats, collar, mice · What happens: sleep, doze, save, be, burst · To what, where: energy, move, hunting

This is a sentence of the lesson «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, collar, mice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sleep	nsubj
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 doze	cc
4	doze	doze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sleep	conj
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 12	advmod
6	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 hours	nummod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 16	case
8	16	16	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 12	nmod
9	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 doze	obl:unmarked
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 day	det
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hours	nmod:unmarked
12	to	to	PART	_	13 save	mark
13	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 doze	advcl
14	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 save	obj
15	for	for	ADP	_	17 bursts	case
16	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 bursts	amod
17	bursts	burst	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 save	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 hunting	case
19	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 bursts	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 active	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 active	cc
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 active	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 active	cop
24	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	25 active	advmod
25	active	active	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sleep	conj
26	at	at	ADP	_	27 dawn	case
27	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 active	obl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 dusk	cc
29	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 dawn	conj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 active	punct
31	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	39 move	advmod
32	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 move	nsubj
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 birds	cc
34	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 birds	amod
35	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 mice	conj
36	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 move	cop
37	on	on	ADP	_	39 move	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 move	det
39	move	move	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 active	advcl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sleep	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	Cats					vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	doze	present	Cats not said here			hour		vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	save	to-infinitive	Cats not said here	energy			for short bursts of hunting	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent energy=Theme for burst=Source
4	is	present	collar			dawn	active property	tree rules
5	is	present	mice and many birds		the move			tree rules
6	burst			hunting				nom burst «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/16/