How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing, sentence 4

Kittens learn from their mother, who brings them prey to practise on, and even a pet cat that sleeps most of the day on the sofa may still catch a bird in the garden at dawn or dusk.

Who acts: Kittens, mother, pet cat · What happens: learn, bring, practise on, sleep, catch · To what, where: prey, Kittens, most, sofa, bird, garden

This is a sentence of the lesson «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kittens, mother, pet cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kittens	kitten	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	nsubj
2	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 mother	case
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 mother	nmod:poss
5	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 learn	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 brings	punct
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 brings	nsubj
8	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mother	acl:relcl
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 brings	iobj
10	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 brings	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 practise	mark
12	practise	practise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 prey	acl
13	on	on	ADP	_	12 practise	compound:prt
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 catch	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 catch	cc
16	even	even	ADV	_	19 cat	advmod
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 cat	det
18	pet	pet	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 cat	compound
19	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 catch	nsubj
20	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 sleeps	nsubj
21	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 cat	acl:relcl
22	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	21 sleeps	obl
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 day	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 day	det
25	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 most	nmod
26	on	on	ADP	_	28 sofa	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 sofa	det
28	sofa	sofa	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sleeps	obl
29	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 catch	aux
30	still	still	ADV	_	31 catch	advmod
31	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 learn	conj
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 bird	det
33	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 catch	obj
34	in	in	ADP	_	36 garden	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 garden	det
36	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 catch	obl
37	at	at	ADP	_	38 dawn	case
38	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 catch	obl
39	or	or	CCONJ	_	40 dusk	cc
40	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 dawn	conj
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 learn	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present	Kittens					from Kittens's mother	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from mother=Source
2	bring	present	Kittens's mother	prey	Kittens = kitten				vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent they=Destination prey=Theme
3	practise on	to-infinitive	Kittens's mother not said here	prey not said here					tree rules
4	sleep	present	a pet cat	most of the day		the sofa			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	catch	may	a pet cat	a bird		the garden	still; dawn		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/4/