Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest, sentence 15

Lichen, like old man's beard, is not a plant but a fungus and a tiny green alga living together; beard lichens take water and food straight from the air, so they grow only where the air is very clean, and reindeer dig under snow to eat lichen.

Who acts: Lichen, tiny green alga, beard lichens, plants, air, reindeer · What happens: not be, live together, take, grow, be, dig · To what, where: plant, water, air, snow, lichen

This is a sentence of the lesson «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lichen, tiny green alga, beard lichens, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lichen	Lichen	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 plant	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 beard	punct
3	like	like	ADP	_	7 beard	case
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 man	amod
5	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 beard	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 man	case
7	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lichen	appos
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Lichen	punct
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 plant	cop
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 plant	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 plant	det
12	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 take	parataxis
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 fungus	cc
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 fungus	det
15	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 plant	conj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 alga	cc
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 alga	det
18	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 alga	amod
19	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 alga	amod
20	alga	alga	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 fungus	conj
21	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 alga	acl
22	together	together	ADV	_	21 living	advmod
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 lichens	punct
24	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 lichens	compound
25	lichens	lichen	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 take	nsubj
26	take	take	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
27	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 take	obj
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 straight	cc
29	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 water	conj
30	straight	straight	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 water	conj
31	from	from	ADP	_	33 air	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 air	det
33	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 take	obl
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 grow	punct
35	so	so	ADV	_	37 grow	advmod
36	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 grow	nsubj
37	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 take	conj
38	only	only	ADV	_	39 where	advmod
39	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	44 clean	advmod
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 air	det
41	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 clean	nsubj
42	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 clean	cop
43	very	very	ADV	_	44 clean	advmod
44	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 grow	advcl
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 dig	punct
46	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 dig	cc
47	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	Number=Plur	48 dig	nsubj
48	dig	dig	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 clean	conj
49	under	under	ADP	_	50 snow	case
50	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 dig	obl
51	to	to	PART	_	52 eat	mark
52	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	48 dig	advcl
53	lichen	lichen	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 eat	obj
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 plant	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	Lichen	a plant but a fungus and a tiny green alga			tree rules
2	live together	gerund	a tiny green alga not said here			together property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	take	infinitive	beard lichens	water and food and straight	the air		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent water=Theme from air=Initial_Location
4	grow	present	plants = plant				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is	present	the air			clean property	tree rules
6	dig	present	reindeer		snow		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under snow=Location
7	eat	to-infinitive	reindeer not said here	lichen			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lichen=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:012-forests-woodland-through-the-year.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/15/