Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes, sentence 8
Zebras have never been tamed like horses; they are jumpy, kick hard and bite, and a zebra's kick can break a lion's jaw.
Who acts: stripes, kick, zebra · What happens: not tame, be, kick, bite, break · To what, where: Zebras, jaw
This is a sentence of the lesson «Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stripes, kick, zebra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zebras | zebra | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 tamed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 tamed | aux |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 tamed | advmod |
| 4 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 tamed | aux:pass |
| 5 | tamed | tame | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 horses | case |
| 7 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 tamed | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 jumpy | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 jumpy | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 jumpy | cop |
| 11 | jumpy | jumpy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 tamed | parataxis |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 kick | punct |
| 13 | kick | kick | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 11 jumpy | parataxis |
| 14 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 kick | advmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 bite | cc |
| 16 | bite | bite | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 13 kick | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 break | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 break | cc |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 zebra | det |
| 20 | zebra | zebra | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 kick | nmod:poss |
| 21 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 20 zebra | case |
| 22 | kick | kick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 break | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 break | aux |
| 24 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 tamed | conj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 lion | det |
| 26 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 jaw | nmod:poss |
| 27 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 26 lion | case |
| 28 | jaw | jaw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 break | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 tamed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not tame | present · perfect · passive | Zebras | like horses | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | present | stripes = stripe | jumpy property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | kick | infinitive | hard property | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | bite | infinitive | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | break | can | a zebra's kick | a lion's jaw | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer jaw=Patient | ||||
| 6 | kick | a zebra | nom kick «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/8/