The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps, sentence 11
Penguins can drink sea water, because a special gland above the eyes removes extra salt, which drips out from the beak.
Who acts: Penguins, special gland, extra salt · What happens: drink, remove, drip out · To what, where: sea water, extra salt, beak
This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Penguins, special gland, extra salt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drink | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 drink | aux |
| 3 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 water | compound |
| 5 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drink | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 removes | punct |
| 7 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 removes | mark |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 gland | det |
| 9 | special | special | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 gland | amod |
| 10 | gland | gland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 removes | nsubj |
| 11 | above | above | ADP | _ | 13 eyes | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 eyes | det |
| 13 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 gland | nmod |
| 14 | removes | remove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 drink | advcl |
| 15 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 salt | amod |
| 16 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 removes | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 drips | punct |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 drips | nsubj |
| 19 | drips | drip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 salt | acl:relcl |
| 20 | out | out | ADV | _ | 19 drips | advmod |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 beak | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 beak | det |
| 23 | beak | beak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 drips | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drink | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drink | can | Penguins | sea water | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient | ||||
| 2 | remove | present | a special gland above the eyes | extra salt | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Theme | ||||
| 3 | drip out | present | extra salt | the beak | out property | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from beak=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/11/