Mountains: life as you climb higher, sentence 15

Pikas are small round relatives of rabbits that stack grass into hay piles under rocks for winter, because they do not hibernate; they overheat easily, so warming mountains are a danger to them.

Who acts: Pikas, rabbits · What happens: be, stack, not hibernate, overheat, warm · To what, where: small round relatives, grass, hay piles, mountains, danger, Pikas

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pikas, rabbits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pikas	pika	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 relatives	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 relatives	cop
3	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 relatives	amod
4	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 relatives	amod
5	relatives	relative	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 rabbits	case
7	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 relatives	nmod
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 stack	nsubj
9	stack	stack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 rabbits	acl:relcl
10	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stack	obj
11	into	into	ADP	_	13 piles	case
12	hay	hay	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 piles	compound
13	piles	pile	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 stack	obl
14	under	under	ADP	_	15 rocks	case
15	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 piles	nmod
16	for	for	ADP	_	17 winter	case
17	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stack	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 hibernate	punct
19	because	because	SCONJ	_	23 hibernate	mark
20	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 hibernate	nsubj
21	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 hibernate	aux
22	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	23 hibernate	advmod
23	hibernate	hibernate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 stack	advcl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 overheat	punct
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 overheat	nsubj
26	overheat	overheat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 relatives	parataxis
27	easily	easily	ADV	_	26 overheat	advmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 warming	punct
29	so	so	ADV	_	30 warming	advmod
30	warming	warm	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 overheat	advcl
31	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 warming	obj
32	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 danger	cop
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 danger	det
34	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 relatives	parataxis
35	to	to	ADP	_	36 them	case
36	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 danger	nmod
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 relatives	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Pikas	small round relatives				of rabbits	tree rules
2	stack	present	rabbits	grass		hay piles under rocks	winter		vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent grass=Theme into pile=Destination
3	not hibernate	present · do-support	Pikas = pika						vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location
4	overheat	present	Pikas = pika					easily property	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	warm	gerund	Pikas = pika not said here	mountains					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mountain=Patient
6	is a	present		a danger	Pikas = pika				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/15/